On an average 370 - 500 g seed is required for raising required seedlings for one ha land. Herb/Vegetable: Number to plant per square foot Basil 1 Beans (Bush Type) 9 Beans (Pole Type) 8 Brocolli 1 Cabbage 1 Cauliflower 1 Celery 4 Chard 4 Corn 1 Cucumbers 2 Daffodiles 36 Eggplant 1 Garlic 4-8 Leeks 9 Lettuce 4 Marjoram 4 Muskmelons 1 Okra 1-2 Shallots 16 Oregano 1 Parsley 4 Peas 8 Peppers 1 Potatoes 1 Ra The fertilizer dose depends upon the fertility of soil and amount of organic manure applied to the crop. The sowing season can be from December to January and May to June. Mix the field with 25 tonnes of well-rotted farm yard manure per hectare in the last plowing. From midsummer onward, drench with a liquid feed every two weeks. Plant the seedling or seeds one to two centimeter in depth in the center of the pot. Pre- emergence application of Fluchloralin (1.5 kg a.i./ha) coupled with one hand weeding 30 days after transplanting is effective for control of weeds. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Care and Maintenance of Eggplants. And five to seven kilogram of Nitrogen must be applied each week during fruit enlargement. If the pressed portion springs back to its original shape, the fruit is too immature. It is a versatile crop and easily adapted to various agro-climatic conditions. Harvesting starts after 70 to 85 days from plantation. between the rows. Spacing As for the spacing of the seedlings, it all depends on the variety of brinjal you chose to grow, the season’s suitability and how fertile thee soil is. Eggplants are warm season plants hence avoid shady places and cool places in the house. The watering should be done by water can as per the need till germination is completed. The plant fruit is fleshy. A semi-tropical plant; cannot tolerate frost. Since a long duration crop with high yield, well -drained and fertile soil is preferred for the crop. Inter cropping is cultivating two or more crops in the same field at the same time. spacing [3]. Planting can also be done at a spacing of 90 x 60 x 75 cm in a paired row. Crop is distributed in south and south East Asia, southern Europe, China and Japan. Some portion of the calyx and the stem-end is retained on the fruit during harvesting. At the time of transplanting, the roots of the seedlings should be dipped in a solution of Bavistin (2g/litre of water). Normally the long fruited varieties are transplanted at 60 x 45 cm, the round varieties at 75 x 60 cm and high yielding varieties at 90 x 90 cm spacing. When it comes to spacing in the brinjal cultivation it depends on the soil fertility, soil type, cultivar of brinjal and the suitability of climate conditions. 2(3) (August 2007) 35 EFFECT OF SPACING AND STEM PRUNING ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO N. ARA1, M.K. However, for non-spreading type verities, the spacing should be 60 CM X 60 CM. Spacing of Japanese Eggplants. Bird perches @ 10/ acre should be erected for facilitating field visits of predatory birds. The field should be kept weed-free, especially in the initial stage of plant growth, as weeds compete with the crop and reduce the yield drastically. Clipping of borer damaged shoots and collection and destruction of damaged fruits i.e. Before sowing the eggplant seeds must be treated with four grams of Trichoderma per kilogram or 10 grams of Pseudomonas fluorescens per kilogram of seed. There are many cultivars available in the local nursery store. Thereafter irrigation is given at an interval of 8-10 days during winter and 5-6 days during summer. Seedlings are transplanted in furrows in light soils and on side of the ridges in case of heavy soils. Harvesting is done by cutting 3 to 5 cm length of stem attached rather than by pulling the fruit. A large number of cultivars differing in size, shape and colour of fruits are grown in India. Growing of Eggplant in greenhouse offers distinct advantages of quality and productivity.Eggplant growers can substantially increase their income by growing Eggplant in greenhouse in cool season (off season) by regulating temperature inside the greenhouse. Prepare the field thoroughly with four to five plowing and turn soil at least 20 cm deep. Apply 2 kg/ha of Azospirillum and 2 kg/ha Phosphobacteria by mixing with 50 kg of FYM. Bring the main field to fine tilth. The plant can tolerate drought and high rainfall and flowering is not affected by day length. Fruits are harvested when they become greenish yellow or bronze and their flesh turns dry and tough. apart will keep you from accidentally breaking branches as you are harvesting your eggplant fruits. You have entered an incorrect email address! Continuous cropping of brinjal leads to more borer and wilt infestation. If the borer incidence crosses ETL (5% infestation), apply cypermethrin 25 EC @ 200 g a.i/ha (0.005%) or carbaryl 50 WP @ 3 g/litre of water or endosulfan 35 EC @ 0.07%. Along with FYM apply two kilogram each of Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria per hectare. Pests : Pests Fruit and shoot borer, jassids, Epilachna beetle and mites are the major pests. This facilitates the plant growth and development with extensive root system to draw water and nutrients. Sowing should be done thinly in lines spaced at 5-7 cm distance. Growers are experimenting with a bed spacing of 45 to 70 cm in an Depending on variety and season the average yield of brinjal varies from 20-30 t/ha. Before sowing, seed be treated with T. viride @ 4 gm/ kg. Healthy seedlings aged 25 to 30 days with four fully expanded leaves are suitable for transplanting. (Apply 2 to 3 pounds per 100 square feet. Plants with heavy fruit load must be given wire loops or cages for support. Planking should be done for proper levelling. Normally the long fruited varieties are transplanted at 60 x 45 cm, the round varieties at 75 x 60 cm and high yielding varieties at 90 x 90 cm spacing. Spacing depends upon the type of variety grown and the season of planting. It can be successfully grown as a rainy season and summer season crop and can be grown at an elevation of 1200m above the sea level. clean cultivation helps in management of borer and phomosis disease effectively. They can be started indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date. Frost tolerant. Packing must be done carefully to avoid skin abrasions and damaging. Therefore, crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops should be followed. Two-three hoeing and the earthing up are required to keep the crop free of weeds. Diseases : Diseases Bacterial wilt Fusarian wilt, Phomopsis blight, little leaf, mosaic and damping off are the major diseases. If you are planting lots of eggplant and need rows, leave an area 30-36 inches (76-91 cm.) We hope this plant spacing chart will make things easier for you while you figure out your vegetable garden spacing. Solanaceae (Potato and tomato family) Soil. Depending on growing season, variety, region and under best cultivation practices a farmer can expect  a yield of 30 to 50 tonnes per hectare. Well-decomposed FYM is thoroughly incorporated at the time of land preparation. Int. Eggplant prefers warm climatic conditions as they are warm season crop and does not tolerate frost. Generally 400 to 500 grams of seeds are required for 1 hectare land plantation. Eggplant is a warm-weather crop that can only be planted after the threat of frost has passed and daytime temperatures regularly reach above 70 … Mulching helps conserve moisture and prevent weeds and fungal diseases and the plants benefit from some shade during the hottest part of the day. Drippers in the horizontal tubes are put at an interim of 60 cm and 50 cm separated with 4LPH and 3.5LPH.Irrigate the beds before transplanting seedlings for eight to 12 hours. The other varieties and hybrids include Krishna, ManjariGota, Pragati, Vaishali, ABV-I, and COBH2. Smoke from the chullah will help the seeds to dry naturally. Fruit physical characteristics include well colored, firm, well-shaped and glossy ones without scars or injuries or work holes are good in demand in the local or export market. Grow eggplant in the warmest, frost-free time of the year. Treat the seeds with (Carboxyn 37.5% + Thiram 37.5%) DS @ 1.5g or (Carbendazim 1.0g + Thiram 1.5g)/ kg of seeds. Transplanting should preferably be done in the evening. Seedlings of 30 to 35 days are ready for transplanting to the main field. Time of Planting: It is best to sow eggplant indoors 7-10 weeks before transplanting outside. Description Eggplant is a frost tender, heat loving, branching bushy plant with thick, woody stems. Seven to 11 kilogram of Nitrogen must be applied each week at early flowering stage. Rogue out the little leaf affected plants from time to time. Eggplant comes from the family Solanaceae and its botanical name is Solanummelongena. The harvesting of the fruits should be done as soon as it attains a good size and colour. Bring the main field to fine tilth. Eggplant can tolerate drought so watering can be scarce but enough moisture in the soil will let the plant grow healthily. Plant the seedlings where they get at least 8 hours of sung light. The second dose is given just before the onset of flowering while the third after the first picking/harvesting. The surface of beds should be smooth and well levelled. Sustain. Eggplant can be cultivated twice in a year. Thus, ten such beds are sufficient to raise seedlings for planting one hectare area. Companions. It is recommended to go for drip irrigation to control weed growing. Apply 75 % total recommended dose of superphosphate i.e. Planting and Spacing Optimum spacing is 90 x 60cm with one plant/hill. Delta and yellow sticky traps @ 2-3/ acre should be installed for hoppers, aphids and white fly etc. Don’t apply neem cake when there is heavy wind velocity or temperature is above 300C. The plant grows well in day temperature 24° to 30° C and with night temperature not below 20° C. Plant shows slow growth and becomes less productive to temperatures above 35° C in the day and below 17° C in the nights. The fruits become ready for first picking in about 120-130 days of seed sowing depending on the variety. Seed of 800 grams to 1000 grams is required to raise the seedlings in nursery for a hectare land. Eggplants can be grown in pots and mulch around plants for retaining moisture and weed free. Try to keep the soil moist but not soggy. Can harvest fruits regularly for long periods as it is long season plant. Printer … How To Grow Eggplant From Seed. Mix 250 gm of fungal antagonist Trichoderma viride in 3 kg of FYM and leave for about seven days for enrichment of culture. Severe fruits when they are on high gloss as matured fruit skin become dull and tastes bitter. At the last plowing mix the soil with 25 tonnes per hectare of farm yard manure or compost along with 100 kilogram of Nitrogen, 150 kilogram of Phosphorous, and 100 kilogram of Potassium is given as basal dose. To grow eggplant in a container chose a pot that is having a depth of 24 to 30 cm depth. The beds should then be covered with dry straw or grass or sugarcane leaves to maintain required temperature and moisture. 1. Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Hyderabad. The first split dose is given one and half month after transplanting, the second dose one month after the first application and the final at three and half months after transplanting. Well matured and ripen brinjal fruits are cut with some portion of the stem. Brinjal is a warm season crop and requires a long warm growing season. Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) popularly known as eggplant belongs to the family Solanaceous. The field is ploughed to fine tilth by giving four to five ploughing with a sufficient interval between two ploughing. 703 kg/ha as basal… For a good yield, 15-20 tonnes of well-decomposed FYM is incorporated into the soil. Raised beds are necessary to avoid problem of water logging in heavy soils. Education is a fundamental human right. Soil must be well drained as the plant cannot tolerate extended period of water logging owing to the buildup of root rotting pathogens. Once you have your eggplant seedlings planted at the optimum spacing and distance, ongoing maintenance will give you a successful eggplant crop. It can be grown in plains throughout the year but rabi season is the best. However, care should be taken that sufficient moisture is present in the soil for its solarisation. Eggplants are heavy, dense fruits growing on medium to large sized plants. Weeds compete for light, nutrients, water thereby interfere in yield. Prices for eggplant vary on fruit varieties. After 7 days mix in the soil in a bed of 3 sq. Crop Prod. Layout and planting for drip irrigation and fertigation of Brinjal: Apply FYM @ 25 t / ha as basal dose before the last plowing. Deep cultivation is injurious because of the damage of roots and exposure of moist soil to the surface. Once your soil is warm, place your eggplant seedlings at a planting distance of 18 to 24 inches apart. J. In-row spacing of eggplant is 30 to 60 cm. Effective weed management is a critical step for successful eggplant production. plant -1, weight of fruits plant -1 and yield ha -1 were significantly highest with 90×120 cm spacing and 200 kg ha -1 of nitrogen over rest of treatments. Irrigate the furrows and transplant 30-35 days old seedlings at 60 cm apart on the ridges. Brinjal is originated in Indo- Burma region (Vavliov, 1926). Soils that are deep, fine, rich loam soils are much preferred for healthy growth with high yield. Raised beds of size 7.2 x 1.2 m and 10-15 cm in height are prepared. Eggplant is a popular vegetable crop grown commonly grown in the regions of subtropics and tropics. Pressing the thumb against the side of the fruit can indicate the maturity of the fruit. Two to three hand hoeing or inter tillage is recommended to check the weeds without damaging the roots. Eggplant can be intercropped with beans and marigold crops.